Israeli-Palestinian conflict

The Israeli-Palestinian conflict is an ongoing territorial and political dispute centered on the land between the Mediterranean Sea and the Jordan River. Palestinians seek self-determination and an independent state in the West Bank and Gaza Strip, territories occupied or controlled by Israel since 1967, while Israelis maintain claims to the same land based on historical and religious ties. The conflict involves competing nationalist movements, disputes over settlements, borders, refugees, and the status of Jerusalem.

Violence and military operations occur across multiple flashpoints. Israeli forces conduct raids and airstrikes in Palestinian territories, while Palestinian armed groups and civilians engage in resistance. Israeli settlers also play a contentious role, establishing communities in the West Bank that Palestinians and much of the international community view as illegal obstacles to peace. These dynamics—military operations, settler expansion, and displacement of Palestinians—recur regularly as sources of tension and humanitarian concern.