Russian invasion of Ukraine

Russia's invasion of Ukraine, which began in 2022, remains an active conflict involving military operations, civilian casualties, and international diplomatic engagement. The war has produced widespread destruction and humanitarian consequences, including documented sexual violence, attacks on civilian infrastructure such as shopping centres and trains, and strikes targeting energy systems. Both sides continue military operations, with Ukraine using drones and other weapons to target Russian assets while Russia conducts strikes across Ukrainian territory.

The conflict has generated significant international involvement. Western nations, particularly the United States, have imposed successive rounds of sanctions on Russia and are debating the terms of potential peace negotiations. Ukraine's leadership has called for continued military aid and sanctions pressure, while other actors have engaged in diplomatic efforts to explore conditions for ending the war. The situation remains fluid, with fundamental disagreements between Russia and Ukraine over territorial and political outcomes, and discussions about constraints on military targeting such as energy infrastructure.

The war has also intersected with Russian domestic politics, as Russia has conducted elections in territories it claims to control within Ukraine, actions that Ukraine's government rejects as illegitimate. Additionally, concerns have been raised about potential Russian military actions affecting neighbouring NATO countries, including drone strikes near or across borders with Poland.